Metabolism and Nutrition: Nutrition I
نویسندگان
چکیده
High levels of trypsin inhibitors (TI), one of the major anti-nutritional factors in SBM, can affect nutrient absorption and bird performance. Five soybean meals (SBM) ranging from 3,100 to 46,100 TIU/g were used in a performance trial to determine a threshold for trypsin inhibitors in the diet. The SBM products were grouped into 2 categories: cold pressed SBM and solvent extracted SBM. Of the cold pressed varieties (unheated), there was an ultra-low trypsin SBM (5,000 TIU/g), a low-trypsin SBM (16,000 TIU/g), and a heated and unheated commodity SBM (25,500 and 46,100 TIU/g respectively). The solvent extracted SBM was a heated commodity blend (3,100 TIU/g). A corn –SBM mash diet was formulated using determined TME and digestible AA values, and the CP and AA levels were 7.5% below NRC recommendations. SBM was included in the diet at 30%. The experiment used Cobb 500 x Hubbard M99 chicks from a commercial hatchery. The diets that contained up to 4,100 TIU/g did not have a significant effect on performance parameters of broilers over a 28-d period. From 0 to 14d of age, the effects of high TI (values over 9,100 TIU/g) in the diet negatively impacted body weight and feed intake, but not feed efficiency. Feed efficiency was not significantly different from 0 to 14 d of age, which may be due to physiological variation among the birds and between the pens. Body weight and feed intake significantly decreased (P < 0.05) from 0 to 21d of age as TIU levels in the diet increased from 4,100 to 9,400 TIU/g. Feed intake was not significantly different for the first week of growth which was probably due to the feed conversion and the rate at which the birds grow. Pancreas weights increased in a linear fashion (P < 0.05) as TI levels in the diets increased from 0 to 28 d. Trypsin inhibitor levels over 9,100 TIU/g affect broiler performance the most when fed from 0 to 14 d of age, but not from 15 to 28 d of age. This may be due to the birds adapting physiologically to a diet high in trypsin inhibitors. Birds from 0 to 28 d seem to tolerate TI levels up to 4,100 TIU/g in the diet and perform normally.
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